Optimizing hydrogen storage properties in Mg-based materials with multicomponent and high-entropy catalysts

The identification of novel hydrogen storage materials has tremendously propelled the progress of hydrogen storage technology. Magnesium hydride (MgH2) has been acknowledged as a highly promising candidate for hydrogen storage. Nevertheless, elevated thermal conditions, sluggish dehydrogenation kinetics and thermodynamic stability should be addressed urgently to facilitate the practical application. The utilization of catalysts through doping strategies has been abundantly demonstrated to effectively boost the comprehensive hydrogen storage capability of Mg-based materials. Herein, we review the recent advancements in additive-reinforced MgH2 composites, with particular focus on multicomponent-doped materials and high-entropy materials. Structure-property relationships and catalytic mechanisms in these doping strategies are summarized in this review. Finally, based on existing challenges, forward-looking research directions are proposed for the development of Mg-based hydrogen storage systems.